What effect do corticosteroids have during stress?

Corticosteroids play a critical role in the body's response to stress, primarily by influencing metabolic functions. During stress, corticosteroids such as cortisol are released, leading to a range of physiological effects aimed at preparing the body to handle the stressor. One of the key effects of corticosteroids is the increase in blood glucose levels. This occurs through processes such as gluconeogenesis, where the liver converts non-carbohydrate sources into glucose, and the promotion of glycogen breakdown.

Elevated blood glucose levels provide a readily available energy source for vital organs and tissues, particularly those that are crucial for producing a rapid response to stress, including the brain and muscles. This adaptive measure ensures that the body retains sufficient energy to manage the effects of stress effectively.

The other responses do not accurately represent the primary function of corticosteroids during stress. For example, while corticosteroids can influence metabolic rates, their primary action is not to suppress them. Instead, they often facilitate metabolic processes that provide energy. Dehydration of tissues is not a direct effect of corticosteroids under stress, as they typically aid in fluid balance. Lastly, corticosteroids may actually enhance vascular reactivity in certain contexts, rather than decrease it. Understanding the primary role of corticosteroids in increasing