In the case of prolonged seizures, what medication may be used?

In the case of prolonged seizures, the use of benzodiazepines such as diazepam or midazolam is a standard approach in emergency medicine. These medications are effective because they have rapid onset anticonvulsant properties that help to terminate the seizure activity and stabilize the patient. Diazepam is often administered intravenously, while midazolam can be given intranasally, intramuscularly, or intravenously, providing flexibility in emergency situations where intravenous access may be challenging.

Both of these medications work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor, leading to increased inhibitory activity in the brain. This is crucial during prolonged seizures, as they can lead to significant complications, including status epilepticus, brain damage, and other systemic issues.

The other options listed do not have relevant applications for the treatment of seizures. Acetaminophen is primarily used for pain relief and fever reduction, while adrenaline is a medication used primarily for anaphylactic reactions or cardiac arrest. Aspirin is an anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet medication and does not influence seizure activity. Thus, diazepam or midazolam are the appropriate choices for addressing prolonged seizures effectively